:root {
  --bg: #fbfaf7; --surface: #ffffff; --ink: #1a1a18; --ink-2: #4a4a45; --ink-3: #6f6f68;
  --line: #e6e3da; --accent: #b91c1c; --accent-ink: #991b1b; --soft: #f3f0e8; --warn-bg: #fef6e0; --warn-ink: #6b4e00;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Georgia, "DejaVu Serif", serif;
  --sans: system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --shadow: 0 8px 30px rgb(20 20 10 / 10%);
  color-scheme: light dark;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --bg: #14140f; --surface: #1c1c17; --ink: #efeee8; --ink-2: #c5c4bb; --ink-3: #9a998f;
    --line: #33332b; --accent: #f87171; --accent-ink: #fca5a5; --soft: #25251e; --warn-bg: #3a2f10; --warn-ink: #f6dc97;
    --shadow: 0 8px 30px rgb(0 0 0 / 50%);
  }
}
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-padding-top: 16px; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) { html { scroll-behavior: smooth; } }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--bg); color: var(--ink); font: 400 17px/1.6 var(--sans); overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; background: var(--soft); }
a { color: inherit; }
h1, h2, h3 { font-family: var(--serif); line-height: 1.18; letter-spacing: -.01em; margin: 0; text-wrap: balance; }
.wrap { width: min(1180px, 100%); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: 16px; }
.muted { color: var(--ink-3); } .small { font-size: .85rem; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip-path: inset(50%); white-space: nowrap; }
.skip { position: absolute; left: -999px; background: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); padding: 8px 12px; z-index: 100; }
.skip:focus { left: 8px; top: 8px; }
:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }

.site-head { background: var(--surface); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.masthead { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; padding-block: 14px; }
.logo { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; font: 700 1.45rem/1 var(--serif); text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; }
.logo-mark { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: 8px; background: #b91c1c; color: #fff; font-size: .95rem; }
.search { display: flex; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; background: var(--bg); overflow: hidden; min-width: 0; }
.search input { border: 0; background: transparent; color: inherit; padding: 8px 14px; font: inherit; font-size: .9rem; width: 210px; min-width: 0; }
.search input:focus { outline: none; }
.search:focus-within { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 1px; }
.search button { border: 0; background: transparent; color: var(--ink-2); padding: 0 12px; cursor: pointer; }
.search-large { max-width: 480px; margin-top: 14px; }
.search-large input { width: 100%; padding: 11px 16px; font-size: 1rem; }
.search-large button { font-weight: 600; }
.sections { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.sections-inner { display: flex; gap: 2px; overflow-x: auto; scrollbar-width: none; }
.sections-inner::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
.sections a { padding: 9px 11px; font-size: .9rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: 3px solid transparent; }
.sections a:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.sections a[aria-current] { color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--accent); }

.kicker { display: block; font: 700 .72rem/1.2 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--cat, var(--accent)) 82%, var(--ink)); margin-bottom: 6px; }
.grid { display: grid; gap: 28px 24px; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr)); }
.grid-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(240px, 1fr)); }
.card-link { display: block; text-decoration: none; }
.card-img { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 6px; margin-bottom: 11px; }
.card-title { font-size: 1.16rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 7px; }
.card-link:hover .card-title { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.card-meta { font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ink-3); }
.card-excerpt { color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0 0 8px; font-size: 1.05rem; }
.card-big .card-title { font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3.4vw, 2.5rem); }

.home-top { display: grid; gap: 32px; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 2.1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); margin-block: 26px 34px; }
.rail-head { font: 700 .82rem/1.2 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; padding-bottom: 9px; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink); margin-bottom: 4px; }
.rank { list-style: none; counter-reset: r; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.rank li { counter-increment: r; display: flex; gap: 12px; padding-block: 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.rank li::before { content: counter(r); font: 700 1.5rem/1 var(--serif); color: var(--ink-3); min-width: 1.1em; }
.rank a { font: 700 1.02rem/1.3 var(--serif); text-decoration: none; }
.rank a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.section-block { margin-top: 42px; }
.section-head { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 14px; flex-wrap: wrap; border-top: 3px solid var(--cat, var(--ink)); padding-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.section-head h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
.section-head h2 a { text-decoration: none; }
.more { font-size: .87rem; color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none; font-weight: 600; }
.more:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.list-head { margin-block: 26px 26px; }
.list-head h1 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem); border-left: 6px solid var(--cat, var(--accent)); padding-left: 14px; }
.list-head > p { color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 680px; margin: 10px 0 0; }
.pager { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 18px; margin-block: 36px; flex-wrap: wrap; font-size: .95rem; }
.pager a { padding: 8px 16px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 6px; background: var(--surface); text-decoration: none; font-weight: 600; }
.empty { padding-block: 50px; text-align: left; max-width: 640px; }
.empty h1, .empty h2 { margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 2rem; }

.crumbs { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--ink-3); margin-bottom: 14px; }
.crumbs a { color: inherit; }
.article-grid { display: grid; gap: 44px; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 760px) 300px; justify-content: space-between; margin-top: 24px; }
.article > h1 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.standfirst { font-size: 1.22rem; line-height: 1.45; color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0 0 14px; }
.byline { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 14px; font-size: .86rem; color: var(--ink-3); padding-block: 12px; border-block: 1px solid var(--line); margin-bottom: 20px; }
.byline a { color: var(--ink-2); }
.feature { margin: 0 0 22px; }
.feature img { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 6px; }
figcaption { font-size: .77rem; color: var(--ink-3); margin-top: 6px; }
figcaption a { color: inherit; }
.takeaways { background: var(--soft); border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 20px; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.takeaways h2 { font: 700 .82rem/1.2 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.takeaways ul { margin: 0; padding-left: 20px; }
.takeaways li + li { margin-top: 5px; }
.toc { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; padding: 11px 16px; margin-bottom: 26px; font-size: .95rem; }
.toc summary { font-weight: 700; cursor: pointer; }
.toc ol { margin: 8px 0 2px; padding-left: 22px; }
.toc li { padding-block: 2px; }
.toc a { text-decoration: none; }
.toc a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.change-note { font-size: .92rem; background: var(--soft); padding: 9px 13px; border-radius: 6px; }

.prose { font-size: 1.11rem; line-height: 1.72; }
.prose > * + * { margin-top: 1.05em; }
.prose p { margin: 0; }
.prose h1 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 2.8rem); margin-bottom: .6em; }
.prose h2 { font-size: 1.62rem; margin-top: 1.9em; scroll-margin-top: 14px; }
.prose h3 { font-size: 1.26rem; margin-top: 1.5em; }
.prose a { color: var(--accent-ink); text-underline-offset: 2px; }
.prose ul, .prose ol { padding-left: 1.4em; margin-block: 0; }
.prose li + li { margin-top: .35em; }
.prose blockquote { margin: 0; border-left: 4px solid var(--accent); padding: 4px 0 4px 18px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.2rem; }
.prose cite { display: block; font: 400 .85rem var(--sans); color: var(--ink-3); margin-top: 6px; font-style: normal; }
.cite { font-size: .68em; line-height: 0; margin-left: 1px; }
.cite a { text-decoration: none; font-weight: 600; }
.table-wrap { overflow-x: auto; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; }
table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: .94rem; line-height: 1.45; }
caption { text-align: left; padding: 10px 13px; font-weight: 700; caption-side: top; }
th, td { padding: 10px 13px; text-align: left; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); vertical-align: top; }
thead th { background: var(--soft); white-space: nowrap; }
.callout { background: var(--soft); border-left: 4px solid var(--accent); padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; }
.callout-info { font-size: .94rem; margin-top: 22px; }
.read-also { border-block: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block: 12px; font-size: 1rem; }
.read-also strong { font: 700 .78rem var(--sans); letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.read-also ul { margin-top: 5px !important; }
.inline-figure { margin-inline: 0; margin-bottom: 0; }
.inline-figure img { width: 100%; border-radius: 6px; }
.promo-note { background: var(--soft); padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 6px; }
.promo-tag { font-size: .78em; color: var(--ink-3); }
.faq details { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block: 11px; }
.faq details:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.faq summary { font-weight: 700; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.05rem; }
.faq details p { margin-top: 8px; }
.disclosure { font-size: .9rem; color: var(--ink-2); margin-top: 22px; }
.sources { margin-top: 32px; padding-top: 16px; border-top: 2px solid var(--ink); }
.sources h2 { font-size: 1.3rem; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.sources ol { padding-left: 24px; margin: 0 0 10px; font-size: .92rem; }
.sources li { padding-block: 3px; }
.sources li:target { background: var(--warn-bg); }
.tags { margin-top: 18px; font-size: .86rem; }
.tags a { color: var(--ink-3); margin-right: 8px; }
.rail { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 26px; }
.rail-box { position: sticky; top: 16px; }
.rail-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.rail-list li { padding-block: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.rail-list a { text-decoration: none; font: 700 .98rem/1.3 var(--serif); }
.rail-list a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.notice { padding: 10px 14px; border-radius: 6px; margin-top: 14px; font-size: .92rem; }
.notice-warn { background: var(--warn-bg); color: var(--warn-ink); }
.page { max-width: 760px; padding-block: 30px 50px; }

/* Slots keep their reserved height while empty so filling them shifts nothing. The script removes unfilled ones. */
.ad-slot { position: relative; }
.ad-header { margin: 14px auto 0; max-width: 970px; min-height: 104px; }
.ad-header .ad-card { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 4px 16px; flex-wrap: wrap; padding-block: 12px; }
.ad-header .ad-card img { display: none; }
.ad-header .ad-card strong { margin: 0; }
.ad-header .ad-card p { margin: 0; flex: 1 1 220px; }
.ad-header .ad-banner img { max-height: 120px; object-fit: contain; }
.ad-in-article { min-height: 130px; }
.ad-after { margin-top: 26px; min-height: 130px; }
.ad-feed { margin-block: 34px 0; min-height: 110px; }
.ad-side { min-height: 250px; }
.ad-label { display: block; font: 600 .66rem/1 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); margin-bottom: 6px; }
.ad-card { display: block; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; padding: 15px 16px; background: var(--surface); text-decoration: none; }
.ad-card:hover { border-color: var(--ink-3); }
.ad-card img { border-radius: 5px; margin-bottom: 10px; width: 100%; }
.ad-card strong { display: block; font: 700 1.1rem/1.25 var(--serif); margin-bottom: 4px; }
.ad-card p { margin: 0 0 10px; font-size: .9rem; line-height: 1.4; color: var(--ink-2); }
.ad-cta { display: inline-block; background: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); padding: 6px 13px; border-radius: 5px; font-size: .85rem; font-weight: 600; }
.ad-banner img { width: 100%; border-radius: 6px; }
.ad-sticky { position: fixed; inset: auto 0 0; z-index: 40; background: var(--surface); border-top: 1px solid var(--line); box-shadow: var(--shadow); padding: 8px 40px 8px 12px; }
.ad-sticky .ad-card { border: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; gap: 10px; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.ad-sticky .ad-card strong { margin: 0; font-size: .95rem; }
.ad-sticky .ad-card p, .ad-sticky .ad-card img, .ad-sticky .ad-label { display: none; }
.ad-sticky-close { position: absolute; top: 4px; right: 6px; width: 30px; height: 30px; border: 0; background: transparent; color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 1.3rem; cursor: pointer; }
.popup-backdrop { position: fixed; inset: 0; background: rgb(0 0 0 / 50%); display: grid; place-items: center; z-index: 60; padding: 16px; }
.popup { background: var(--surface); color: var(--ink); border-radius: 10px; max-width: 440px; width: 100%; padding: 22px; position: relative; box-shadow: var(--shadow); max-height: 90vh; overflow: auto; }
.popup-close { position: absolute; top: 6px; right: 8px; width: 40px; height: 40px; border: 0; background: transparent; font-size: 1.6rem; color: var(--ink-2); cursor: pointer; }
.popup .ad-card { border: 0; padding: 0; background: transparent; }
.consent { position: fixed; inset: auto 12px 12px; max-width: 520px; background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: var(--shadow); padding: 15px 17px; z-index: 70; font-size: .9rem; }
.consent p { margin: 0 0 10px; }
.consent-actions { display: flex; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.consent button { padding: 8px 15px; border-radius: 6px; font: 600 .88rem var(--sans); cursor: pointer; border: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.consent .yes { background: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); }
.consent .no { background: transparent; color: var(--ink); }
.linklike { background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; font: inherit; color: inherit; text-decoration: underline; cursor: pointer; }

.site-foot { margin-top: 60px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface); padding-block: 34px 22px; font-size: .92rem; }
.foot-grid { display: grid; gap: 26px; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr; }
.foot-brand { font: 700 1.25rem var(--serif); margin: 0 0 6px; }
.foot-grid p { margin: 0 0 8px; }
.foot-head { font-weight: 700; }
.site-foot ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.site-foot li { padding-block: 3px; }
.site-foot a { color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none; }
.site-foot a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.copyright { margin-top: 24px; color: var(--ink-3); font-size: .82rem; }

@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .home-top, .article-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .rail-box { position: static; }
  .foot-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .foot-grid > :first-child { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
}
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  body { font-size: 16px; }
  .masthead { flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .search { width: 100%; }
  .search input { flex: 1; width: auto; }
  .prose { font-size: 1.05rem; }
  .ad-header { min-height: 60px; }
}
@media print { .site-head, .site-foot, .rail, .ad-slot, .ad-sticky, .toc { display: none !important; } }